Charge forming device for internalcombustion engines



R. C. CONE Oct. 9, 1945.

CHARGE FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 25,1942 mmm* WN Nl m nu@ QM.,

s? *by Patented Oct. 9, 1945 emacs FOBMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Russell Carkner Cone, Mine Centre, )ntarlo,l Canada,assigner of one-third to Walter G.

Hatcher, Mine Centre,

Ontario, Canada Application December 23, 1942, Serial No. 469,909

4 Claims.

My invention relates to charge forming attachments for internalcombustion engines, having reference to a fuel oil vaporizing device forsupplying oil to the engine intake.

In the art to which the invention relates a considerable wastage occursin fuel consumption through improper breaking up of fuel oil particleswhereby a portion of the fuel is not in condition to form a properexplosive charge. Various means of remedying this have been proposed,more particularly in preheating the charge and also in the provision ofspecial vaporizing and atomizing attachments for dealing with thecharge.

The present invention contemplates improvement in such devices by whichthe fuel oil is atomized and preheated and then subjected to baiilingmeans to be discharged as a dry gas to the intake of the engine forforming the explosive charge.

One of the objects of the invention is accordingly to provide animproved charge forming attachment for internal combustion engines foreffectively treating fuel oil and discharging the oil as a vaporizedproduct to the engine intake.

A further object of the invention is to provide a fuel oil vaporizingattachment operating under pressure by which the fuel oil may bevaporized for delivery to the engine intake without addition of air inthe vaporizing process.

A still further object of the invention is to provide in a fuel oilvaporizer of the character described improved controls for automaticallymaintaining the fuel feed supply to the engine in accordance with enginerequirements.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent byreference to the accompanying description taken in conjunction with thedrawing.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved attachment illustrated mountedon the engine intake manifold, certain parts of the attachment beingshown broken away with parts in section for convenience in disclosing'the various elements,A and the fuel feed outlet being shown partly opento allow passage of fuel under pressure.

Having reference to the drawing I indicates the exhaust manifold of aninternal combustion engine from which heat is derived for my attachmentwhich is mounted in association therewith. The attachment is designed toreceive fuel oil in liquid form and deliver the vaporized product to theengine intake manifold.

In the drawing, for convenience of illustration, the various fuel linesand valve housings have been shown relatively oversize.

A fuel pipe 2 for the attachment leads from a source of supply of fuelunder pressure and delivers fuel through a feed line 3, 'said feed lineforming an integral part of a U pipe providing a bypass 4. The fuel flowis directed by a manually operable bypass valve 5. The source of supplyand pressure means arev not shown being common in the art.

A vaporizing chamber B includes an offset section 'l having an outlet 8communicating with a diaphragm control housing 9 which in turn isconnected by a pipe line Io with the fuel inlet 3. Within the housing 9is mounted a diaphragm II with stem I2 for actuation of a valve memberI3 seated against an annular shoulder I4 at the inlet from feed line 3.

From the pipe line I0 a further feed or pipe line I5 connects to a valvechamber I6 communicating with the vaporizing chamber 6. The ow of fuelto the valve chamber is restricted to one way travel by a ball checkvalve I1. Within the chamber I6 is a needle valve stem IB with suitablevalve seat at 20. The needle valve stem is carried by a holder 2lthreaded in the end of chamber I6 andl in the holder the valve stem ismounted endwise movable to be adjusted by a knurled head 22.

The vaporizing chamber 6 provides an outlet conduit 23 leading from therear end of the chamber and through which the vaporized fuel isdischarged. Within the vaporizing chamber is mounted a series of heatconducting elements. 24 receiving heat from the manifold I and overwhich the fuel is sprayed for initial vaporizatlon. The elements 24 areof metal, preferably copper, of hollow construction and conicalformation. said elements being inserted in suitable openings in thebottom of chamber 5. The rear portion of chamber 6 is provided with adouble series. of alternately arranged bafile plates 25 and 26respectively attached to the bottom section of chamber 6 and the topsection of said chamber, which latter forms the under side of conduit23. The balile plates are somewhat diagonally disposed and terminateshort of the opposing sections to leave a passage therethrough. Betweenthe plates 25 are mounted a further series of heat conducting elements21 in pairs, each pair being spaced by a plate 26. The elements 2l areof reduced size and number relative to elements 26 for maintaining thetemperature of the vaporized fuel during passage through the bafflesection of the vaporizer.

The vaporized fuel, after passage through the bales, discharges byoutletconduit 23 to the offset portion 1 and then by way of an outlet pipe 28,valve chamber 29 and discharge pipe30 to the engine intake manifold.

`Passage of vaporized fuel through the valve chamber 29 is regulated bya valve stem 3| seat-- ed as at 32. The stem 3| is carried by a holder33 threaded in chamber 29, the valve stem being threaded to be endwiseadjustable in the holder and actuated by a head 34.

Passage of fuel from the source of fuel supply to the vaporizing chamberis regulated by a dia-v by a valve chamber 33 in which a valve 31 seatsagainst an annular shoulder 33. The valve 31 is"f` carried on a stem 39endwise movable in a 40 mounted in a cap 4I which is threaded on the endof chamber 36. A spring 42 on the stem 39 normally holds the valve 31seated against the shoulder 33 to close the outlet from the feed line 3.f

The pressure in feed line 3 acts both against the valve I3 and thebypass valve 31. v'I'he valve stem I2 and diaphragm II are adapted toclose the valve I3 by generated pressure in the vaporizer. Less pressureis required to open valve I3 whenunopposed by generated pressure in 'thevaporizer than is required to open valve 31.

' When the demand of the engine 'falls below the ,working load for whichit is set and sumcient pressure is generated in the vaporizer .tofovercome the pressure in feed line 3 the valve I3 will close and valve31 will open.

Additionally to the foregoing there is provided a water Jet 43 with pipesupply line 44 which would lead from a source of water supply, by whichthe humidity in the vaporizing chamber may be increased to giveincreased power to the charge.

In the operation of the device fueldelivered by fuel feed pipe 2 undervpressure is=bypassed by valve 5 when engine is first started, it beingunderstood that in starting the engine fu'el is supplied by the regularcarburetor, the engine operating on gasoline until warmed up, -when thevalve 5 may be turned to direct fuel through the pipeY 3 from where itpasses by 'way' of V-pipe I and feed line I5 to the valve chamber-I6from which it is sprayed in regulated qii'aiitities to the vaporizingchamber 6. the chamber 6\ the fuel is acted on by the hot shell plugs 24vand heated to a maximum safe temperature and then passed through thebaille section of the vaporizer. 'I'he vaporlzed fuel is then fed by theoutlet 23 and oifset 'I to the engine by way of t outletpipe 28, theflow of fuel to the engine being regulated by the valvemember 3l.

In e ent of overload the fuel is bypassed through the chamber 33 asyhereinbefore described and a constant pressure maintained within thevaporizing chamber.

The device is designed to provide a steady regulated now of fuel in theform of dry gas to the combustion chamber of the engine, designed toincrease the `power output of the engine and reduce oil dilution in thecrank case.` In this it is not required to mix air with the fuel untilthe fuel has become thoroughly vaporized.v

While I have herein described a preferred embodiment of my invention itis obvious that changes in construction and arrangement of 'parts wouldbe permissible within the spirit and by Letters vaporizing chamber, adiaphragm in the housing responsive to pressure obtaining in theVaporizing chamber, a valve for the fuel feed outlet, a valve stemconnecting said valve and diaphragm, and a further feed line connectingthe fuel feed outlet and the vaporizing chamber.-

2. In a device of the character described a vaporizing chamber means forheating said chamber, a fuel feed line adapted for delivery of fuelunder pressure, said feed line having a feed outlet and a bypass outlet,said outlets providing valve seats, a valve for the bypass outlet,adjustable means for holding said valve seated with any desiredpressure, a further fuel feed to pressure obtaining in the vaporizingchamber,

a valve for the fuel feed outlet, a valve stem connecting said valve andsaid diaphragm.

3. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, avaporizing chamber, a series of .heat conducting elements in thechamber, said chamber being located to receive heat from the engineexhaust manifold through the medium of said elements, a fuel feed linehaving a feed outlet and a bypass outlet, a further line.

connecting the fuel feed outlet and the Vaporizing chamber, atomizingmeans in the discharge end of said further feed line, a diaphragm valvehousing having communication with the vaporizing chamber, a diaphragm inthe housing responsive to pressure obtaining in the vaporizing chamber,a valve for the fuel feed outlet, means connecting said valve and saiddiaphragm, a valve for the bypass outlet, and spring means holding thebypass valve closed with any desired pressure.

4. In a device of the character described a vaporizing chamber means forheating said chamber, a fuel feed line adapted for delivery of fuelunde` pressure, said feed line'having a fuel feed outlet and a bypassfor return of fuel to the feed outlet and the vaporizing chamber, aseries of heat conducting elements in the vaporizing chamber adapted toreceive heat from the engine exhaust manifold, and atomizing means atthe discharge end of said further'feed line by which atomized fuel maybe sprayed over the heat conducting elements.

' RUSSELL CARKNER CON'E.

